Useful CLI commands FortiOS
Cheatsheets
- FortiOS 6.2 CheatSheet (https://blog.boll.ch/cheatsheet-fortios-version-6-2/)
- FortiOS 7.0 CheatSheet (https://blog.boll.ch/cheatsheet-fortios-7-0/)
- FortiOS 7.2 CheatSheet (https://blog.boll.ch/cheatsheet-fortios-v7-2/)
CLI Commands
To start a transaction in CLI use execute config-transaction start.
A workspace mode transaction times out in five minutes if there is no activity. When a transaction times out, all changes are discarded
Commit config changes with execute config-transaction commit.
Abort with execute config-transaction abort.
Generic Commands
Default Device Information
| admin / no password | Default login |
| 192.168.1.99 | Default IP on port1, internal or management port |
| 9600/8-N-1, hw flow control disabled | Default serial console settings |
General system commands
| get system status | General system information |
| exec tac support | Generates report for support |
| tree | List all commands |
| <command> ? / tab | Use ? or tab in CLI for help |
| <command> | grep [filter] | Grep commands to filter output |
Fortigate most used ports
| UDP/53, UDP/8888 | Fortiguard Queries |
| TCP/389, UDP/389 | LDAP, PKI Authentication |
| TCP/443 | Contract Validation, FortiToken, Firmware Updates |
| TCP/443, TCP/8890 | AV and IPS Update |
| UDP/500, ESP | IPSEC VPN |
| UDP/500, UDP/4500 | IPSEC VPN with NAT-Traversal |
| TCP/514 | FortiManager, FortiAnalyzer |
| TCP/1812, TCP/1813 | RADIUS Auth & Accounting |
| UDP/5246, UDP/5247 | CAPWAP |
| TCP/8001 | FSSO |
| TCP/8013 | Compliance and Security Fabric |
| ETH Layer 0x8890, 0x8891 and 0x8893 | HA Heartbeat For HA The virtual MAC address is determined based on following formula: 00-09-0f-09-<group-id_hex>-(<vcluster_integer> + <idx>) |
Network commands
Interface information
| diag ip address list | List of IP addresses on FortiGate interfaces |
| diag firewall iplist list | List of IP addresses on VIP and IP-Pools |
Security Fabric
| diag sys csf upstream / downstream | List of up/downstream devices |
| diag sys csf neighbor list | MAC/IP list of connected FG devices |
| diag automation test <stich_name> | Test stitches in the CLI |
| diag test appl csfd 1 ... | Display security fabric statistics |
| diag debug appl csfd -1 | Real-time debugger |
Switch Controller
|
diag switch-controller switch-info mac-table |
Managed FortiSwitch MAC address list |
|
diag switch-controller switch-info port-stats |
Managed FortiSwitch port statistics |
|
diag switch-controller switch-info trunk |
Trunk information |
|
diag switch-controller switch-info mclag |
Dumps MCLAG releated information from FortiSwitch |
|
execute switch-controller get-conn-status |
Get FortiSwitch connection status |
| execute switch-controller diagnose-connection | Get FortiSwitch connection diagnostics |
SD-WAN
|
diag sys virtual-wan-link member |
Provide interface details |
| diag sys virtual-wan-link health-check <name> | State of SLAs |
|
diag sys virtual-wan-link service <rule-id> |
SD-WAN rule state |
|
diag sys virtual-wan-link intf-sla-log <intf-name> |
Link Traffic History |
|
diag sys virtual-wan-link sla-log <sla> <link_id> |
SLA-Log on specific interface |
|
diag test application lnkmtd 1/2/3 |
Statistics of link-monitor |
| diag debug application link- monitor -1 | Real-time debugger of link-monitor |
Network Troubleshooting
|
get hardware nic [port] |
Interface information |
|
get system arp |
ARP table |
|
exec clear system arp table |
Clears ARP table |
|
exec ping x.x.x.x |
Ping utility |
|
exec traceroute x.x.x.x exec traceroute-options [option] |
Traceroute utility |
|
exec telnet x.x.x.x [port] |
Telnet utility |
|
diag traffictest server-intf diag traffictest client-intf diag traffictest port [port] diag traffictest run -c [public_iperf_server_ip] |
Iperf test directly run from FortiGate |
Transparent Mode
|
diag netlink brctl |
Bridge MAC table |
Routing
Routing troubleshooting
| get router info routing-table all | Show routing table |
| get router info routing-table details x.x.x.x | Show routing decision for specified destination-IP |
| get router info routing-table database | Routing table with inactive routes |
| get router info kernel | Forwarding information base |
| diag firewall proute list | List of policy-based routes |
| diag ip rtcache list | List of route cache |
| exec router restart | Restart of routing process |
| diag sys link-monitor status/interface/launch | Show link monitor status / per interface / for WAN LB |
BGP
| get router info bgp summary | BGP summary of BGP status |
| get router info bgp neighbors | Information of BGP neighbors |
| diag ip router bgp all enable diag ip router bgp level info |
Real-time debugging for BGP protocol |
| exec router clear bgp all | Restart of BGP session |
OSPF
| get router info ospf status | OSPF status |
| get router info ospf interface | Information on OSPF interfaces |
| get router info ospf neighbor | Information on OSPF neighbors |
| get router info ospf database brief / router lsa | Summary / Details of all LSDB entries |
| get router info ospf database self-originate | Information on LSAs originating from FortiGate |
| diag ip router ospf all enable diag ip router ospf level info |
Real-time debugging of OSPF protocol |
| exec router clear ospf process | Restart of OSPF session |
VPN
|
diag debug appl ike 63 |
Debugging of IKE negotiation |
|
diag vpn ike log filter |
Filter for IKE negotiation output |
|
diag vpn ike gateway list |
Phase 1 state |
|
diag vpn ike gateway flush |
Delete Phase 1 |
|
diag vpn tunnel list |
Phase 2 state |
|
diag vpn tunnel flush |
Delete Phase 2 |
|
get vpn ike gateway |
Detailed gateway information |
|
get vpn ipsec tunnel details |
Detailed tunnel statistics |
|
get vpn ipsec tunnel summary |
Detailed tunnel information |
|
diag vpn ipsec status |
Shows IPSEC crypto status |
|
show full vpn certificate local |
Export all keys and certs |